Foliage is elliptic , dumb and spiny ; normal people of colour is olive green . Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree maintain an vertical shape . Fruit is vivid reddened . Gender is female . This holly does n’t do as well as others by the sea-coast . This species does n’t take well to transplantation . Prune in the spring . Check the gender before planting . This holly grows skillful in full sun .
Google Plant Images : click here !
Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is move out the fore tips of a young works to promote branching . Doing this debar the need for more severe pruning later on .
Thinning involves removing whole branch back to the body . This may be done to open up up the interior of a works to let more light in and to increase air circulation that can disregard down on flora disease . The honorable way to begin cutting is to begin by removing dead or diseased wood .
Shearing is even out the open of a bush using hand or galvanising shears . This is done to maintain the hope shape of a hedging or topiary .
Rejuvenating is removal of old ramification or the overall reduction of the size of a shrub to restore its original configuration and size . It is recommended that you do not hit more than one third of a plant at a time . Remember to remove limb from the inside of the plant as well as the exterior . When regenerate plants with cane , such as nandina , cut back cane at various heights so that plant will have a more rude look . term : Full SunFull Sunis delimitate as exposure to more than 6 hours of continuous , direct Sunday per day .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it maybe deviate to a drain ditch . If drainage is pathetic where water tabular array is eminent , install an underground drainage system . You should contact a declarer for this . If underground drain already exist , check to see if they are blocked .
French waste pipe are another option . Gallic drains are ditch that have been filled with gravel . It is all right to plant sod on top of them . More noticeable , but a dependable resolution where look are n’t as important , think of the French drain as a ditch take with crushed rock . Ditches should be 3 to 4 foot deep and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a gravel filled fossa where water is diverted to via underground pipes . This works well on sites that have compacted soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and mystifying and filled with gravel or crushed stone , top with sand and sodded or seeded .
Keep in thinker that it is illegal to deviate water onto other people ’s property . If you do not find that you’re able to implement a workable resolution on your own , call a contractile organ . Conditions : Moist and Well DrainedMoist and well drainedmeans on the dot what it sounds like . Soil is moist without being soggy because the texture of the filth allows superfluous wet to run out off . Most flora like about 1 column inch of piddle per hebdomad . meliorate your stain with compost will help oneself improve texture and water property or draining capacity . A 3 inch level of mulch will help to keep soil moisture and report have shown that mulch plants develop faster than non - mulched plants .
Planting
If container - develop , lay the tree on its side and withdraw the container . Loosen the root around the edges without breaking up the root ball too much . Position tree in center of cakehole so that the practiced side faces fore . You are ready to begin fill up in with soil .
If plant a balled and burlaped tree , position it in hole so that the good side faces onwards . undo or remove nails from burlap at top of musket ball and pull burlap back , so it does not stick out of cakehole when grunge is replaced . Synthetic burlap should be absent as it will not molder like natural gunny . Larger trees often come in wire baskets . Plant as you would a b&b flora , but cut as much of the wire away as possible without actually remove the field goal . Chances are , you would do more damage to the rootball by removing the basket . Simply edit out away wire to lead several large openings for ancestor .
take both hollow with dirt the same agency . Never amend with less than half original soil . Recent studies show that if your soil is loose enough , you are good off adding little or no soil amendment .
Create a water ring around the outer edge of the fix . Not only will this conseve piss , but will direct wet to perimeter tooth root , encourage outer ontogeny . Once tree diagram is established , water tintinnabulation may be level . study show that mulch trees grow faster than those unmulched , so add a 3 " " stratum of pinestraw , compost , or pulverise bark over backfilled country . Remove any damage limbs .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the root or the base at filth degree . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , fall watering . If a flora is too far go ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water answer . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label counseling . Consult a professional for a sound recommendation of what antimycotic to employ . Pest : MaggotsMaggotslive in the grime , manducate the theme hairsbreadth off of industrial plant and love to burrow through root crops such as onions , Allium sativum and leeks . They are about 1/3 of an in long , glossy blanched and blunt - headed . adult are dark grey flies that resemble the common housefly .
Prevenion and Control : Floating run-in covers or cheesecloth set over seedbeds in early springtime may dissuade egg laying on young plant . Crop rotation is a must . Always off and put down infected plants . Beneficial nemtodes will raven on maggots as well . Till soil well in the fall to reveal and demolish pupa . Pest : Fungus Gnats and ShorefliesFungus GnatsorShore fliesare small annoying fly front which can often be a pain inside the home . About the size of it of fruit fly , they can be see scarper on the soil surface of commode . They seem to favour wet soil conditions and may expand in mix curb hardwood bark or manure . While the worm - similar larva can induce root equipment casualty and adults can air flora diseases , they rarely have severe industrial plant harm .
potential controls : annul over - lachrymation soil . Another selection : use label insecticidal drenches against the jejune stages . Adults can be check with recommended insecticides , as well . promote natural enemies such as parasitical nematodes in the garden . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking sass part that lactate the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften take care like pocket-size pieces of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems arm . They attack a wide range of plant . The unseasoned tend to move around until they happen a suited feeding billet , then they hang out in colony and feed . mealybug can weaken a plant life leading to yellow leaf and leafage drop . They also produce a sweet heart and soul called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous ontogeny called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confer your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance passport . advance raw enemies such as lady mallet in the garden to help shorten population levels of mealy bugs . cuss : WhitefliesWhitefliesare pocket-size , winged louse that wait like tiny moths , which lash out many type of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the bottom of leaves to feast and breed . Whiteflies can multiply cursorily as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a sprightliness span of 2 month . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant life is disturbed . whitefly can counteract a plant , finally leading to plant expiry if they are not checked . They can carry many harmful plant computer virus . They also bring out a fresh substance foretell honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive bleak airfoil fungous growth called jet-black mold .
Possible controls : keep gage down ; use sort in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants forth from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; lying in wait with icteric viscous notice , give label pesticides ; encourage lifelike enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , easy - incarnate , slow - moving insects that suck fluid from plant . Aphidscome in many colors , ranging from green to Robert Brown to black , and they may have annexe . They attack a broad range of plant species causing stunting , deformed leaf and buds . They can convey harmful plant viruses with their piercing / go down on mouthparts . Aphids , generally , are merely a pain in the neck , since it takes many of them to make serious industrial plant impairment . However aphids do produce a scented substance called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting bleak surface growth called sooty mould .
Aphids can increase cursorily in numbers and each female can make up to 250 live nymphs in the course of a month without mating . Aphids often appear when the environs changes - springiness & dip . They ’re often massed at the tips of branches feeding on succulent tissue paper . aphid are attracted to the colour yellowness and will often thumb on yellowed vesture .
Prevention and Control : Keep pot to an absolute minimum , particularly around suitable plant . On victuals , wash off infected area of plant . Lady bug and lacewing will feed on aphids in the garden . There are various products - organic and inorganic - that can be used to control aphids . Seek the recommendation of a professional and follow all recording label procedures to a tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly find on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . trouble are worse where nights are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery blank or gray-haired fungus is normally constitute on the upper surface of leaf or fruit . Leaves will often sour yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and twisted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop early on .
Prevention and Control : set tolerant varieties and blank space works right so they get equal luminosity and atmosphere circulation . Always water supply from below , observe body of water off the foliage . This is predominate for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen plant food . Apply fungicides fit in to label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions precisely , not missing any need treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leave , blossom , or debris in the fall and put down . disease : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil moisture levels are excessively high and fungal spores present in the filth , amount in physical contact with the susceptible plant . The base of stems discolor and reduce , and pass on further up the chaff wilt and die . Leaves near substructure are affect first . The roots will change state grim and rot or break in . This kingdom Fungi can be infix by using unsterilised territory premix or foul water .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected plant and their roots , and discard surrounding soil . Replace with plant life that are not susceptible , and only use fresh , fix soil mix . Hold back on fertilizing too . Try not to over water plants and check that that stain is well drain prior to plant . This fungus is not treatable by chemical substance .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptom look similar to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to thrive in well drained land . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are make by fungus or bacterium . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water supply fleece or yellow - edged appearance . worm , rain , dirty garden tools , or even citizenry can help its scatter .
Prevention and Control : slay infect leave when the works is teetotal . Leaves that collect around the stem of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be direct at soil stratum . For fungous folio spots , apply a recommended fungicide according to label counselling .
gadfly : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris actually a term that applies to various larva ( of moths , beetles , and fly ) that burrow between upper and lower leaf surface , leaving a distinctive , squiggly pattern . A distaff adult can lay several hundred bollock inside the leafage which hatch and give lift to miners . Leaf mineworker attack ornamental and vegetables .
Prevention and Control : Keep smoke down and scout individual plants for tell - narrative curlicue . Pick and destroy these farewell and take advantage of lifelike foeman such as parasitic wasp . Know the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your area to place insecticide nebulizer when most beneficial for controlling the specific leaf miner . Seek a professional recommendation and follow all recording label procedures to a football tee . * GDD numbers should be available from your local Cooperative Extension situation . Diseases : AnthracnoseAnthracnose is the answer of a plant life infection , triggered by a fungus , and may cause severe defoliation , especially in trees , but seldom results in demise . deep-set patches on stems , fruit , leave-taking , or twig , appear grayish brown , may come along watery , and have pinkish - tan spore masses that appear goo - similar . On vegetables , spots may expound as fruit matures .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to assure . Isolate overrun plants out from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension bureau in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Weeds : AlgaeAlgaeis a one - celled being that multiply by cell sectionalisation , spore , or fragmentation . It thrives in warm up water that receive full sunshine and has an plenteous supply of food . Algae are most commonly found in pool that that are not ecologically balanced or in low - lying areas on realm or in drain ditches . Most obtrusive in spring , when water begins to warm up , as a light-green cast or film on the pool ’s surface . On state , alga may appear slimed and green or scum - like . Prevention and Control : The best bar is to strive for an ecologically balanced pond . It is commend that you bring home the bacon at least one oxygenating plant per 1 straight foot of pond Earth’s surface . expert oxygenators include charis , cabomba , and vallisneria , all of which compete with algae for carbon dioxide and nutrients . The second stone’s throw would be to stop any plant food runoff from entering the pool and to reduce the amount of food fed to fish . Both overload water supply with nutrients , making algae problems worse . Reducing the amount of sunlight penetrating the pool ’s surface is the third footstep . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is find on the Earth’s surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew pass from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and halt of the plant . The best way to control sooty molding is to command the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be pass over from leaves with a moist fabric or moisten aside with a hose - remainder sprayer . disease : BlightBlights are cause by kingdom Fungi or bacteria that kill plant tissue . Symptoms often show up as the speedy staining or droop of foliage . There are many different blights , specific to various plants , each postulate a varied method of control .
Miscellaneous
Prevention and Control : Keep computer virus carrier such as aphid , leafhoppers , and thrips under control . These plant life alimentation insect spread viruses . Viruses can also be introduced by infected pollen or through flora openings ( as when pruning ) . start bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . New works should be checked , as well as tool and existing industrial plant . Use only indorse seminal fluid that is deemed disease - free . Plant only resistive varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crop , not planting nearly related plants in the same area every twelvemonth .
