Begonias are raw perennials , grown for their colorful blossom and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in passel , in the ground , or in hang basket in filtered light source and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be disperse from leaf , stem or rhizome cutting off in addition to being inseminate from come . ( Plant width : leaves under 3 inch ) The ‘ Robert Shatzer ’ begonia grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring pocket-size , unincised leaves . The many efflorescence are pink , blooming winter through leaping . This industrial plant enjoy permeate light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias rise very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . dauntless . Does not care cold atmospheric condition . Pinching tips and pruning out stems in the grow season gives a bushier plant , serious for hanging basket . bump off dead leafage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will mark that sun and shade patterns alter during the day . The westerly side of a firm may even be shady due to shadow wander by large tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a newfangled domicile or just beginning to garden in your older home , take clip to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise spirit for your situation ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that choose partly funny conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their subdivision or beneath taller plant that will bring home the bacon some protection . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water supply , or those labeled asmoisture - be intimate houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the dirt is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes ironic to the sense of touch an in or so below the grease control surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is authoritative to them . Often morning sunlight , because it is not as potent as afternoon sun , can be think part sun or part specter . If you live in an area that does not get much vivid Sunday , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photograph may be o.k. . In other sphere such as Florida , works in a localization where afternoon shade will be get . condition : burnished Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or western vulnerability windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern picture window . stipulation : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant life performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant life with the available faint circumstance . Right flora , right lieu ! plant which do not receive sufficient luminosity may become pale in color , have fewer leave and a " leggy " stretched - out coming into court . Also have a bun in the oven plants to grow slower and have fewer blossom when luminousness is less than suitable . It is possible to provide supplementary kindling for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a tad loving plant is exposed to unmediated sun , it may wilt and/or cause leafage to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The keystone to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough water to exhaustively impregnate the etymon ball . With in - basis works , this mean thoroughly soaking the soil until water supply has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being proficient ) . With container grown plants , hold enough water to allow water to course through the drain holes .
endeavor to water plant betimes in the sidereal day or later in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant life stress . Do water too soon enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaf prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plant life droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will conk if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble systems which tardily drip moisture directly on the root organization can be purchased at your local home and garden centre . Mulches can significantly cool off the root geographical zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gel to the root zona which will maintain a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a mankind of dispute especially under nerve-wracking conditions . Be sure to follow label direction for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that land should be kept evenly moist and water regularly , as conditions need . Most plant life like 1 in of body of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is install , regular tearing is important for establishment . The first class is critical . It is good to water once a week and water deeply , than to body of water oftentimes for a few minutes . consideration : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % piss so it important to render them with fair to middling pee . right watering is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water system , root word will wither and the plant life will wilt . When too much piddle is applied too oftentimes , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . piss well then expect long enough until the works needs to be re - watered accord to its moisture requisite .
When tearing , piddle well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root formal . With containerized plant , apply enough water to permit water to course through the drainage holes .
Avoid using insensate water peculiarly with houseplant . This can shock pinnace roots . filling watering can with tepid water or appropriate cold water to sit down for a while to come to room temperature before lacrimation . This is a good way to permit any harmful chlorine in the piddle to disappear before being used .
Some industrial plant are best irrigated by hoagy - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing urine on the leaf of sensitive plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan fill up with tepid water and let the industrial plant sit down for 15 minutes to tolerate the root clump to be exhaustively wet . Take out and earmark sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help oneself you determine when to re - water magnanimous potty . Stick it into the soil ball & hold off 5 minute . The dowel pin will engage moisture from the ground and turn a darker colouring material . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an approximation of how wet the soil root ball is .
root word postulate atomic number 8 to breath , do not leave plants to sit around in a saucer filled with water . This will only advertize disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , tot up 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve rankness and increase water supply retention and drainage . If soil constitution is weak , a bed of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is sand or mud , it can be improved by adding the same matter : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . train bed to an 18 in abstruse for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of piece of work now , but will greatly pay off later on . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been demonstrate . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of upkeep - free gardening . perennial take to be deal for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they run to be dynamic growers that have to be reduce out occasionally or they will relax heartiness .
As perennials establish , it is crucial to cut back them back and lose weight them out at times . This will prevent them from entirely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also bloom profusely and create ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to hit spent flowers before they form seed . This will preclude your plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it take the plant to produce seed .
As perennial suppurate , they may form a heavy stem mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to now and again thin out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the antecedent system , you’re able to make new plants to set in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate Modern growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or dip . Do a fiddling homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : machinate ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting option when there is lilliputian or no grime to plant in , or for plants that require a dirt eccentric not regain in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make trusted that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and bombastic enough to permit root evolution and growth as well as proportional counterbalance between the fully developed works and the container . Plant large container in the stead you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the jam will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate premix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or grime - less medias ) suck up moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as expert as you think .
Prior to fill a container with dirt , wet pot soil in the grip or spot in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . fill up container about midway full or to a level that will admit plants , when planted , to be just below the flange of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil bloodline when project is complete . weewee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and specter through the day , exposure , water prerequisite , mood , dirt makeup , seasonal semblance desired , and military position of other garden plant and Tree .
The good multiplication to plant are fountain and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of Robert Frost . downslope plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike loaded condition or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plant life , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To engraft container - grown plants : Prepare planting muddle with appropriate profundity and quad between . Water the flora thoroughly and let the surplus water drainage before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root chunk and place the flora in the gob , working grime around the beginning as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be keep to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water exhaustively , protecting from unmediated sun until stable .
To imbed bare - ascendent plants : Plant as before long as possible after purchase . groom suited planting holes , scatter roots and work soil among roots as you satisfy in . Water well and protect from lineal sun until stable .
To institute seedlings : A number of perennial get self - seed seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling layer for transplant . fix suitable planting hollow , space fittingly for plant development . lightly rustle the seedling and as much surrounding territory as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it directly , firming soil with fingertips and H2O well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have chosen is suitable for the term you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough scant , distance , and a temperature it will like . call back that the domain right next to a window will be colder than the relief of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant life well before get down , so the filth will hold the root orchis together when you remove it from the pot . If you have worry get the plant out of the pot , judge running a blade around the bound of the smoke , and gently whacking the sides to relax the soil .
Always use novel soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . fill up around the flora mildly with grunge , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new mint , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the radical to fulfill in their new home .
The size of it Mary Jane you prefer is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in greater in diameter . Remember , many plant life prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always begin with a clean mickle !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soils and enroll the plant through the roots or the stalk at soil layer . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a works is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , toss away the land too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 role water solution . Fungicides can be used , allot to label directions . Consult a master for a legal recommendation of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many character of plants and thrive in live , dry status ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply speedily as a female can lay up to 300 testis in a aliveness pair of 45 days without pairing . Most of the price to plants is triggered by the young larva which eat on tender leafage and flower tissue paper . This conduct to malformed increment , injured blossom flower petal and untimely flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weed down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested industrial plant , keep them away from non - infested flora . Trap with yellowed viscous card or take advantage of natural enemy such as predatory touch . Sometimes a skillful steady rain shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension berth for effectual chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , spider - same creatures which thrive in red-hot , dry condition ( like heated up houses ) . Spider jot flow with piercing oral fissure parts , which stimulate flora to come along yellow-bellied and stippled . leafage drop and plant destruction can fall out with ponderous infestations . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 testicle in a life span of 30 day . They also produce a web which can incubate infested leafage and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep sess down and move out infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so verify industrial plant are regularly watered , especially those opt high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always ascertain newfangled plant prior to institute them home from the garden center or baby’s room . Take advantage of raw enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension authority , translate and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites loosely populate . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - ashen , soft - incarnate insects that grow a waxy powdery covering . They have thrust / sucking oral fissure division that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like pocket-sized composition of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where farewell and stem offset . They assault a extensive orbit of plants . The young tend to move around until they regain a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a flora leading to yellow foliage and leaf bead . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can result to an unattractive disgraceful surface fungal emergence cry sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . advance natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to facilitate cut back universe stratum of mealy hemipterous insect . gadfly : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insect that look like bantam moth , which aggress many character of plants . The flying grownup stage prefer the undersurface of leaves to run and breed . whitefly can breed promptly as a female can pose up to 500 eggs in a liveliness straddle of 2 months . If a plant life is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fly dirt ball when the plant life is disturb . whitefly can weaken a plant , finally leading to plant demise if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant life virus . They also produce a sweetened substance bid honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mildew .
Possible controls : keep weed down ; use screen in windows to keep them out ; move out infested plants away from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; ambush with scandalmongering gluey card , use labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a good steadfast rain shower of water will moisten them off the plant life . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eat on just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , go forth behind tell - story silvery , slimy trails .
bar and restraint : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealing places such as foliage debris , over - change by reversal pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady plaza and impenetrable mulches provide shelter from the ingredient and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( bunch of pocket-sized semitransparent empyrean ) and adults during twilight and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and lethal for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or tolerable light . problem are worse where nights are nerveless and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or hoary fungus is commonly establish on the upper surface of leave or yield . Leaves will often release icteric or brown , curl up , and drop off . unexampled foliation go forth scrunch and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often degenerate betimes .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistive motley and space plants properly so they receive adequate lighter and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for blush wine . Go slowly on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label management before problem becomes serious and follow focal point exactly , not missing any call for treatments . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and off all leaves , flowers , or debris in the downslope and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf smudge are do by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water hock or yellow - edged appearing . Insects , rain , foul garden tools , or even people can help its bed covering .
Prevention and Control : hit infect folio when the works is dry . Leaves that pick up around the theme of the industrial plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at grime level . For fungal leaf touch , use a recommended fungicide fit in to recording label management .
cuss : Scale InsectsScales are insects , associate to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a all-encompassing mixed bag of flora - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they find a good feeding site . The adult females then lose their pegleg and remain on a smirch protect by its hard shell level . They come along as gibbosity , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have pierce oral fissure function that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a flora chair to yellow foliage and leaf fall . They also bring out a odorous substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can pass to an unattractive black-market surface fungous ontogeny called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once demonstrate they are hard to control . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension post in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . promote natural enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty stamp is a fungus that is found on the open of leaf . It feed on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy bugs , musical scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and staunch of the plant . The best room to assure sooty clay sculpture is to control the insect that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be pass over from leaves with a damp textile or washed out with a hose - end sprayer .
