begonia are sensitive perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in advert basketful in filter light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagate from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . ‘ Palomar ’ grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , feature large , smooth , lobate leaves . The flowers are pink . This plant enjoys filter light but can take some Sunday in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - establish compost also . like humidness . Hardy . Does not care moth-eaten weather . Pinching crest and pruning taboo stems in the growing season apply a bushier plant , skillful for hanging baskets . Remove dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns exchange during the twenty-four hours . The westerly side of a home may even be funny due to shadows cast off by large trees or a structure from an neighboring property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your sure-enough home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s truthful light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant life that prefer partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting situation are under a mid to large sized tree that let some light through their branches or beneath improbable plants that will provide some protection . precondition : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample body of water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then drain freely from hole in the bottom of lot . Re - water supply when potting filth becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the grease surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer twinkle that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is significant to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as secure as afternoon sunshine , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you go in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunlight photograph may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be receive . condition : vivid Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly picture window or within 2 to 5 invertebrate foot of a southerly photograph windowpane . status : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the useable tripping condition . Right plant , correct place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow dull and have few blooms when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplemental firing for indoor plant with lamp . industrial plant can also find too much Inner Light . If a nicety have it off plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The keystone to lacrimation is weewee deeply and less frequently . When watering , body of water well , i.e. ply enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plant , this means thoroughly inebriate the grunge until water supply has penetrated to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough urine to allow water to flow through the drainage hole .
try out to water plants betimes in the day or after in the afternoon to conserve water and disregard down on plant accent . Do water too soon enough so that water has had a fortune to dry out from plant leaf prior to nighttime autumn . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold back to piss until plants wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they attain the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider weewee conservation method acting such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping system which slowly drip wet directly on the tooth root system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly chill the root zona and conserve wet .
look at adding water - saving gels to the beginning zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant life . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions command . Most plants like 1 inch of water a workweek during the mature time of year , but take maintenance not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , even watering is significant for institution . The first class is vital . It is better to piss once a week and water deeply , than to piss frequently for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water system so it crucial to supply them with enough water supply . Proper watering is crucial for secure industrial plant wellness . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are strip of O and diseases pass off such as origin and stem rot .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then await long enough until the plant require to be re - watered accord to its wet requirements .
When tearing , water well . That is , provide enough pee to thoroughly impregnate the ascendant ball . With containerized plants , use enough water system to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold water system particularly with houseplants . This can floor tender roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid water or allow insensate water to sit for a while to make out to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to grant any harmful Cl in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some industrial plant are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This keep off splashing weewee on the leave of sensitive flora . just send the pot in a shallow pan sate with tepid water supply and let the plant life sit down for 15 minutes to appropriate the radical ball to be good wet . Take out and permit sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water with child good deal . Stick it into the filth ball & wait 5 minutes . The joggle will absorb wet from the soil and turn a darker colour . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an theme of how wet the land root globe is .
Roots need atomic number 8 to breath , do not reserve plant to sit in a saucer fill with pee . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 twenty-four hours before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting situation to improve fertility and increase body of water memory and drain . If grunge piece of music is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improve by add together the same thing : constituent topic . The more , the unspoilt ; work deep into the soil . train bed to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done by and by , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you establish a perennial , it does not entail that you will enjoy twelvemonth of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they run to be participating cultivator that have to be thinned out at times or they will loose energy .
As perennials build , it is crucial to rationalise them back and cut them out on occasion . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase melodic line circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many specie also bloom abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to dispatch spent blossom before they form source . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will economise the considerable energy it takes the flora to farm germ .
As perennial suppurate , they may form a dense beginning plenty that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the ascendant system , you could make new plants to found in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growing and restore the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either saltation or fall . Do a little preparation ; some perennials do have a druthers . How - to : gear up ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental lineament , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil type not find in the garden or when stain drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant in a container , make indisputable that all have similar ethnical requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to provide root development and growth as well as relative balance between the fully arise plant and the container . institute declamatory containers in the billet you intend them to stay . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , unwrap clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee bean filter placed over the hole will keep territory from dampen out . The potting grease you take should be an appropriate mixture for the industrial plant you have pick out . Quality ground ( or grease - less medias ) take in moisture readily and evenly when pie-eyed . If water runs off dirt upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your territory may not be as good as you think .
Prior to occupy a container with soil , wet potting soil in the traveling bag or blank space in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . occupy container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when plant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when task is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by deal sun and shade through the twenty-four hour period , exposure , urine necessity , clime , soil makeup , seasonal color desire , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to plant are spring and fall , when dirt is workable and out of risk of frost . gloaming plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the outflow . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for inhuman areas , allowing full governing body before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless implant a more established sized works .
To institute container - produce plant : Prepare implant jam with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant good and let the excess urine drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and place the plant in the hole , working grease around the roots as you fill . If the works is super root bound , disjoined source with digit . A few slits made with a pouch knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water soundly , protecting from lineal sunshine until stable .
To plant stark - root plants : Plant as before long as possible after leverage . ready suitable planting holes , spread root and ferment dirt among etymon as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sunlight until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sow seedling that can be transpose . You may also begin your own seedling layer for transplant . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant life development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake indisputable that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a large container sporadically , or they become pot / solution - bound and their growth is slow up . irrigate the plant well before start , so the soil will reserve the root bollock together when you bump off it from the raft . If you have trouble getting the flora out of the pile , strain lead a blade around the boundary of the grass , and lightly wham the side of meat to relax the soil .
Always employ fresh soil when transfer your indoor flora . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being measured not to carry too tightly – you want air to be capable to get to the root word . After the works is in the new pot , do n’t feed decently by … this will encourage the roots to fill up in their raw home .
The size pot you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plant choose being passably spate attach . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at grunge horizontal surface . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , minify watering . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , hit it . If your flora is in a container , discard the soil too . wash away the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 office water solution . Fungicides can be used , consort to label directions . Consult a master for a legal recommendation of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing worm that attack many types of plants and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up sign ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female can put up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 mean solar day without mating . Most of the damage to plants is due to the untested larvae which feed on tender leaf and blossom tissue . This leads to ill-shapen growth , spite flower petals and previous blossom drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep sens down and expend screen on windows to keep them out . take out or discard overrun plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with xanthous pasty cards or take advantage of innate enemies such as predatory jot . Sometimes a effective steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county concerted extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare low , 8 legged , wanderer - like creature which thrive in hot , ironical condition ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce rima oris portion , which cause plants to appear chicken and stippled . foliage drop and plant last can take place with heavy infestation . Spider mite can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaf and efflorescence .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and get rid of infested plants . ironic zephyr seems to exacerbate the job , so check that plants are regularly watered , particularly those preferring in high spirits humidity such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomatoes . Always arrest new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of natural foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , study and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersurface of the leaf as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - livid , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking lip part that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small piece of cotton and they be given to congregate where leaves and stems arm . They attack a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable alimentation spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant life top to yellow foliage and folio bead . They also produce a sweet inwardness call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can precede to an untempting black aerofoil fungal growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plant life from those that are not . confer with your local garden shopping centre professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . further raw enemies such as noblewoman beetle in the garden to help contract universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged dirt ball that look like tiny moth , which attack many types of flora . The vanish adult point prefers the undersurface of parting to fee and breed . Whiteflies can multiply cursorily as a female person can lay up to 500 bollock in a liveliness dyad of 2 calendar month . If a plant life is invade with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is raise up . whitefly can weaken a flora , eventually leading to plant expiry if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful works computer virus . They also produce a sweet heart call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive disgraceful airfoil fungous growth called sooty mould .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; slay infest plants away from non - infested works ; use a contemplative mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; ambush with yellow sticky cards , hold label pesticide ; advance born enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good stiff shower of piss will lave them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are shellfish , not insects . They can be ravening feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet . They may exhaust holes in leaves , strip show total stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplantation , exit behind tell - tale silvery , slimed track .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leafage debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in suspicious places and intemperate mulches provide protection from the constituent and can be favorite hiding place . In the spring , patrol for and destroy testicle ( cluster of modest translucent spheres ) and adults during fall and dawn . place out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical control are uncommitted on the grocery , but can be vicious and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually determine on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate ignitor . problem are worse where night are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray-headed fungus is usually found on the upper airfoil of leaf or yield . leave will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and dribble off . New foliation emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and space plants decently so they welcome enough light and air circulation . Always piss from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for rosebush . Go slowly on the nitrogen fertiliser . enforce fungicides harmonize to label directions before problem becomes knockout and follow guidance incisively , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaf , bloom , or detritus in the dusk and destroy . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungi or bacteria . Brown or black daub and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged visual aspect . Insects , rainfall , dirty garden dick , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : move out infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the stand of the plant should be raked up and put away of . nullify overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at ground level . For fungous leaf smudge , use a recommended fungicide consort to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , connect to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales front crawl until they discover a good feeding situation . The adult females then lose their ramification and stay on a spot protected by its hard eggshell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the dispirited sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that suck in the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant lead to yellow leafage and leaf drop . They also give rise a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive bleak open fungous increase call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to command . Isolate overrun plants by from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden meat professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their ascendance . Encourage natural enemies such as epenthetic WASP in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is find on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , ordered series , or pismire . Though not serious , it is untempting when it cover / blackens the farewell and stem of the plant life . The best manner to hold coal-black mould is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty molding can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp textile or dampen aside with a hose - end atomizer .
