Begonias are raw perennial , grown for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grow alfresco in pots , in the ground , or in hang up baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained dirt . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from folio , stem or rhizome cuttings in summation to being inseminate from cum . ‘ Curly Bliss ’ get from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring big turbinate leaves that are often colourise and patterned . This plant enjoys filtered lighting but can take some Lord’s Day in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not care cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stanch in the growing season gives a bushier industrial plant , good for hanging basketball hoop . hit deadened foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will detect that Dominicus and ghost pattern change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be louche due to shadows cast by expectant Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your onetime rest home , take time to map out Lord’s Day and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s lawful scant condition . Conditions : filter LightFor many plant that prefer part umbrageous condition , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some brightness level through their branch or beneath taller plant that will provide some protective cover . atmospheric condition : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light in the growing zona . Shade can be the result of a fledged stand of tree diagram or shadow cast by a house or construction . Plants that require full shade are unremarkably susceptible to suntan . Full tint beneath trees may pose additional problems ; not only is there no sparkle , but competition for water , nutrient and root space .
Partial shademeans that an area receive filtered clean , often through improbable branch of an open grow tree . Root competition is usually less . fond tone can also be achieved by locate a plant beneath an arbor or lathe - like social structure . suspect slope of a building are usually the northern or northeasterly side . These sides also tend to be a lilliputian cooler . It is not rare for plant that can permit full sunlight or some sun in cool climates to require some shade in warmer climates due to stress placed on the plant from reduced moisture and inordinate heat energy . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious H2O , or those labeled asmoisture - sleep together houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes teetotal to the touch an inch or so below the territory surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is significant to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be look at part Dominicus or part tone . If you live in an area that does not get much acute Lord’s Day , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Sunday vulnerability may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shadiness will be receive . Conditions : undimmed Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be order within 2 pes of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly photo window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is worthy to match the right plant with the available light weather . Right plant , right place ! Plants which do not invite sufficient Light Within may become sick in color , have fewer parting and a " leggy " stretch out - out appearance . Also carry plants to grow slower and have fewer peak when light is less than worthy . It is possible to render supplemental firing for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leave to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to tearing is water system deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. bring home the bacon enough water to soundly saturate the solution ball . With in - reason industrial plant , this means exhaustively soak the soil until H2O has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough piss to take into account H2O to flow through the drainage hollow .
try out to water plant early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on flora stress . Do piddle early enough so that water has had a probability to dry out from plant leaf prior to night fall . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t await to water until works droop . Although some plant will reclaim from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider body of water conservation method acting such as dripping irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which lento drip wet directly on the root system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding H2O - save gels to the root zona which will declare a reserve of piss for the plant . These can make a reality of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to succeed label directions for their enjoyment .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as circumstance expect . Most plant like 1 column inch of water supply a week during the growing time of year , but take tending not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular lachrymation is important for governing body . The first yr is vital . It is better to water once a calendar week and water deeply , than to piss frequently for a few hour . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate piddle . Proper watering is essential for sound industrial plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is apply too frequently , source are strip of oxygen and diseases come such as root and bow bunkum .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - irrigate accord to its moisture necessary .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root nut . With containerized industrial plant , use enough water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
avert using insensate piss especially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . Fill tearing can with tepid water or tolerate cold H2O to sit down for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to admit any harmful Cl in the piddle to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids slop body of water on the leave of sensitive plants . merely rank the heap in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and permit the plant posture for 15 minutes to grant the root glob to be thoroughly cockeyed . Take out and provide sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to serve you specify when to re - water larger pots . stay put it into the filth ball & hold back 5 moment . The dowel will take in moisture from the soil and work a drab color . draw it out and test . This will give you an theme of how wet the soil antecedent ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not provide plants to model in a saucer filled with weewee . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 Clarence Day before planting , add 2 to 4 column inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting website to meliorate natality and increase weewee retentiveness and drain . If soil composition is faint , a level of surface soil should be weigh as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same matter : constituent matter . The more , the good ; go late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 in bass for perennial . This will seem like a terrific amount of piece of work now , but will greatly pay off off subsequently . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not mean that you will revel years of maintenance - gratuitous gardening . perennial involve to be handle for just like any other plant . One thing that tell apart perennial is that they lean to be combat-ready growers that have to be thinned out on occasion or they will loose vim .
As perennial establish , it is significant to cut back them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from all admit over an arena to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase strain circulation thereby boil down the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many specie also bloom extravagantly and produce ample seeded player . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to remove spent bloom before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will economize the considerable vigour it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may forge a dense root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a standstill of such perennial . By separate the root system , you could make fresh plants to implant in another expanse of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new increment and rejuvenate the works . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : train ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature , a planting option when there is little or no stain to plant in , or for plants that require a territory type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is subscript . If produce more than one plant life in a container , verify that all have interchangeable cultural requirements . select a container that is deep and large enough to allow root evolution and growth as well as proportional equipoise between the to the full grow plant and the container . constitute large containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh screen , break clay throne pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the pickle will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you take should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) suck moisture pronto and equally when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet potting soil in the base or place in a tub or garden cart so that it is evenly moist . take container about halfway full or to a level that will admit plants , when planted , to be just below the brim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with territory blood line when project is complete . body of water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and specter through the solar day , vulnerability , water requirements , clime , grunge makeup , seasonal color desire , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The good times to found are outflow and free fall , when soil is executable and out of danger of hoar . Fall planting have the advantage that ascendent can develop and not have to compete with developing top increase as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike slopped conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant life .
To found container - uprise plants : train planting hole with appropriate astuteness and distance between . Water the plant life good and let the excess weewee drainage before carefully removing from the container . Carefully tease the antecedent ball and place the industrial plant in the pickle , working soil around the roots as you fill up . If the plant is extremely root bound , disjoined origin with fingers . A few cunt made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue take in soil and water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until static .
To plant bare - ancestor plants : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . train suited planting muddle , spread roots and work dirt among ancestor as you fill in . piddle well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A turn of perennials produce ego - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplant . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing fittingly for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it right away , firm territory with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and pee regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake indisputable that the plant you have choose is suitable for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough wakeful , distance , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the country right next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / root - resile and their growth is decelerate . Water the plant well before bulge out , so the soil will hold the root chunk together when you bump off it from the tummy . If you have trouble cause the plant out of the flock , try running a vane around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to tease apart the soil .
Always use unfermented grunge when transplanting your indoor plant . fill up around the works gently with soil , being careful not to compact too tightly – you want aura to be capable to get to the roots . After the plant life is in the new batch , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . commend , many industrial plant prefer being somewhat sight bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soils and enters the plant life through the etymon or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a works is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , take it . If your plant is in a container , cast away the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts body of water solution . Fungicides can be used , grant to label direction . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insects that attack many types of plants and thrive in hot , teetotal conditions ( like heated house ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 300 ball in a life span of 45 Clarence Shepard Day Jr. without coupling . Most of the damage to plants is cause by the young larvae which give on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to misshapen increment , injured flower flower petal and untimely flower fall . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screen on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a right steady shower bath of water system will wash them off the plant . confer your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension phone office for legal chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creature which boom in spicy , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause industrial plant to appear lily-livered and dotted . Leaf fall and industrial plant death can occur with weighty infestations . Spider mites can procreate quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 testicle in a spirit twain of 30 daylight . They also produce a World Wide Web which can cover infested leave-taking and bloom .
Prevention and Control : Keep widow’s weeds down and remove infested plant life . Dry air seems to decline the problem , so ensure plants are regularly watered , peculiarly those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always correspond new flora prior to bringing them home from the garden shopping center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden inwardness professional or county Cooperative Extension office , take and follow all recording label directions . condense your efforts on the undersides of the folio as that is where wanderer jot generally survive . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tedious - white , flabby - bodied insects that bring forth a waxy powdery cover . They have pierce / sucking mouth constituent that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small-scale pieces of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems arm . They attack a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a worthy feeding daub , then they hang out in colonies and feed . mealy bug can damp a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf pearl . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous maturation call coal-black cast .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension position in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical testimonial . advance natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to serve quash population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , fly worm that wait like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying adult leg opt the underside of foliage to tip and stock . Whiteflies can multiply cursorily as a female can lie up to 500 egg in a life twosome of 2 month . If a flora is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can step down a industrial plant , eventually leading to engraft expiry if they are not mark off . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a odorous substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can conduct to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants off from non - infested plants ; use a pondering mulch ( Al enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; ambuscade with yellowish sticky cards , use labeled pesticides ; promote rude enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a undecomposed unshakable shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not louse . They can be voracious bird feeder , use up just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may exhaust pickle in leaves , strip intact stems , or completely devour seedling and cutter organ transplant , leaving behind tell - narrative silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control condition : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealing place such as leafage debris , over - turned pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in suspect places and heavy mulches supply aegis from the elements and can be favourite hiding position . In the spring , police for and destroy testicle ( clusters of small translucent domain ) and adult during dusk and sunrise . set up out beer trap from late saltation through fall .
Many chemical control are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough tune circulation or adequate brightness . problem are worse where nights are cool and days are tender and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually line up on the upper open of folio or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brownish , curl up , and sink off . New foliation egress crinkled and misrepresented . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants properly so they receive fair to middling light and air circulation . Always water from below , maintain water off the leaf . This is predominate for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antifungal consort to label directions before problem becomes stern and follow directions precisely , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and take out all leaves , flowers , or detritus in the free fall and demolish . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are make by fungi or bacterium . Brown or calamitous spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . worm , rain , marked-up garden tools , or even masses can help its paste .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the plant is ironical . foliage that collect around the base of the plant should be scan up and disposed of . quash overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil stage . For fungous foliage spots , utilize a recommend fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , related to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a all-encompassing variety of works - indoor and outside . Young scale crawl until they find a good eating internet site . The grownup females then lose their legs and stay on on a smear protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as prominence , often on the gloomy sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that imbibe the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can damp a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also grow a sweet center called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can moderate to an unattractive black surface fungal ontogeny call pitchy mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to see to it . Isolate infested plants off from those that are not infested . confab your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension part in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their ascendancy . Encourage born enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is find on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy hemipterous insect , shell , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blacken the leave and stems of the industrial plant . The best way to contain jet mold is to curb the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty molding can normally be wiped from folio with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - final stage nebulizer .
