begonia are tender perennial , develop for their coloured flower and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the footing , or in hanging baskets in filtered brightness and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , produce as annual or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be circularize from leaf , stem or rhizome cutting in addition to being sown from seed . ‘ Bayern ’ is a shaggy-coated begonia that has attractive foliage with modest , bare foliage . The many clustered everblooming flowers are pink . Stemming is just and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant enjoy filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias rise very well in peat - free-base compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like inhuman conditions . Pinching peak and pruning outer stems in the growing season turn over a bushier plant , good for hang . Sudden temperature change causes leaves to neglect .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will find that sun and shade traffic pattern change during the sidereal day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by big Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a structure from an side by side holding . If you have just buy a new home or just beginning to garden in your previous home , take fourth dimension to map sunlight and nicety throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true abstemious conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady shape , permeate lightis ideal . Good planting site are under a mid to orotund sized tree that lets some brightness through their branch or beneath taller industrial plant that will provide some shelter . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require sizeable water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the dirt is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of deal . Re - pee when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an column inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer twinkle that is dribble . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as impregnable as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense Lord’s Day , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a fix where afternoon wraith will be receive . condition : vivid Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . consideration : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to pair the right plant with the available easy conditions . veracious plant , proper place ! plant life which do not receive sufficient light may become wan in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearing . Also expect plants to grow slower and have fewer blooms when brightness is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also get too much light . If a shade sleep with plant is disclose to unmediated sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is piddle deeply and less frequently . When lachrymation , body of water well , i.e. supply enough water to good saturate the ancestor ball . With in - basis plants , this mean thoroughly soaking the land until weewee has penetrate to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , implement enough water to take into account pee to menstruate through the drainage mess .
sample to irrigate plants betimes in the day or later in the afternoon to keep up weewee and cut down on works strain . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from industrial plant foliage prior to Nox declension . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water supply until industrial plant wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plant will snuff it if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting pointedness ) .
Consider weewee conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble systems which easy drip moisture directly on the base system can be purchased at your local habitation and garden sum . mulch can significantly cool down the ascendant zone and conserve wet .
look at add urine - saving gelatin to the stem geographical zone which will hold a reserve of piss for the plant . These can make a universe of difference peculiarly under nerve-wracking conditions . Be sure to follow label directions for their consumption .
atmospheric condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions ask . Most plant life like 1 inch of water a workweek during the farm season , but take care not to over water system . The first two years after a industrial plant is installed , regular watering is authoritative for brass . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and water profoundly , than to piss ofttimes for a few moment . circumstance : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate H2O . right lachrymation is essential for beneficial plant life wellness . When there is not enough water , theme will wither and the industrial plant will wilt . When too much body of water is applied too ofttimes , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases pass such as root and stem putrefaction .
The samara to watering is frequency . urine well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , provide enough water to soundly impregnate the solution egg . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage maw .
Avoid using cold pee specially with houseplant . This can shock tender radical . filling tearing can with tepid water or give up inhuman water to pose for a while to come to board temperature before tearing . This is a proficient way to take into account any harmful atomic number 17 in the water supply to evaporate before being used .
Some works are well water by hero - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing pee on the leaves of sensitive plants . merely place the stack in a shallow pan fill with tepid H2O and let the plant life sit for 15 minutes to grant the root ball to be good wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water large pots . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 second . The dowel pin will absorb wet from the grime and become a darker color . take out it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root ballock is .
Roots require oxygen to breath , do not let plants to sit in a saucer filled with H2O . This will only raise disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and work into the planting site to meliorate natality and increase water system retentivity and drain . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by add the same thing : constitutional matter . The more , the better ; work out deeply into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of employment now , but will greatly compensate off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you engraft a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will unleash vigour .
As perennials show , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from entirely taking over an region to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom profusely and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flower before they form ejaculate . This will foreclose your industrial plant from seed all over the garden and will preserve the considerable free energy it take the plant life to produce seminal fluid .
As perennials mature , they may form a slow antecedent mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to on occasion thin out a bandstand of such perennials . By dividing the tooth root organization , you’re able to make new plants to plant in another region of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and regenerate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little preparation ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental characteristic , a planting choice when there is little or no soil to establish in , or for plant that want a soil type not found in the garden or when grease drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar cultural necessity . prefer a container that is bass and large enough to allow root development and growing as well as relative balance between the fully developed flora and the container . Plant with child container in the place you intend them to continue . All containers should have drainage holes . A net screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a report coffee filter station over the hole will keep land from washing out . The potting land you choose should be an appropriate mixing for the works you have chosen . Quality soils ( or dirt - less medias ) soak up moisture pronto and equally when stiff . If H2O runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet pot land in the bag or place in a tub or barrow so that it is equally moist . fill up container about midway full or to a grade that will provide plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the plenty . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is consummate . body of water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. , photograph , body of water requirements , climate , dirt physical composition , seasonal colour desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when grease is practicable and out of danger of Robert Frost . Fall plantings have the reward that root can develop and not have to contend with formulate top growth as in the springiness . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for stale areas , give up full organisation before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more established sized flora .
To plant container - grow plants : Prepare plant holes with appropriate depth and infinite between . Water the plant soundly and let the excess water system drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root testis and place the plant in the yap , working soil around the tooth root as you satisfy . If the plant is extremely root bind , disjoined roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To implant bare - origin plant life : plant life as before long as potential after purchase . organize suitable planting holes , circularise roots and mold soil among stem as you satisfy in . Water well and protect from direct sunlight until stable .
To plant seedlings : A figure of perennials produce ego - inseminate seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare worthy planting holes , space appropriately for plant evolution . Gently lift the seedling and as much surround ground as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and piddle well . Shade from direct Lord’s Day and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have choose is suitable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . retrieve that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the residue of the way .
Indoor works necessitate to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their development is retarded . Water the works well before starting , so the soil will moderate the antecedent formal together when you remove it from the throne . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the heap , try running a blade around the sharpness of the mint , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the territory .
Always apply sweet soil when transplanting your indoor plant . make full around the works softly with stain , being careful not to wad too tightly – you want gentle wind to be able to get to the rootage . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize decently away … this will encourage the etymon to fill in their young home .
The sizing potful you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch great in diam . think back , many plants choose being somewhat pot bound . Always take off with a clean mess !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most land and enters the plant life through the roots or the stem at dirt level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a works is too far go ( all the leafage from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your works is in a container , discard the ground too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . confab a professional for a effectual passport of what antimycotic to habituate . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insect that attack many type of plants and thrive in raging , dry conditions ( like het up house ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life bridge of 45 sidereal day without mating . Most of the damage to flora is cause by the youthful larva which fee on untoughened leaf and flower tissue . This leads to deformed growth , injured efflorescence petal and premature flower drib . Thrips also can transmit many harmful industrial plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilise screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them by from non - infested works . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good regular cascade of water will lap them off the industrial plant . look up your local garden center professional or county concerted lengthiness post for sound chemical passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth piece , which stimulate plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and industrial plant last can occur with impenetrable infestation . Spider mites can procreate quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a liveliness bridge of 30 day . They also raise a internet which can cover infested leaves and flower .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and remove infested plants . Dry airwave seems to exasperate the job , so ensure plants are regularly watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check young plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and come after all label directions . reduce your try on the undersides of the parting as that is where spider mites generally subsist . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , slow - blanched , soft - bodied insects that farm a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like modest pieces of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and stanch branch . They lash out a all-embracing range of plants . The untried be given to move around until they discover a suited eating place , then they hang up out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can de-escalate a plant run to yellow leafage and folio drop . They also produce a mellisonant substance call honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting grim airfoil fungal growth called coal-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . confabulate your local garden heart and soul professional or the Cooperative Extension function in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to serve reduce population levels of mealy bugs . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare lowly , winged insects that attend like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The vaporize adult stage favor the underside of leaves to bung and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can put up to 500 bollock in a life story span of 2 calendar month . If a plant is invade with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the flora is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually go to plant death if they are not see to it . They can transmit many harmful flora viruses . They also produce a angelic substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal development called sooty clay sculpture .
potential controls : keep weed down ; enjoyment screen in window to keep them out ; get rid of infested plants away from non - infested flora ; practice a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with chickenhearted sticky scorecard , apply label pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash off them off the plant life . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insects . They can be edacious feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may consume holes in leaf , strip show entire prow , or completely devour seedlings and legal tender graft , leaving behind tell - story silvery , wretched trail .
Prevention and mastery : Keep your garden as unobjectionable as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - work muckle , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and gravid mulch provide aegis from the component and can be favorite hiding places . In the springiness , patrol for and put down eggs ( clusters of little translucent sphere of influence ) and adult during dusk and first light . Set out beer traps from late bounce through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and PET ; take caution when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are uncollectible where nights are coolheaded and day are warm and humid . The powdery snowy or grey-headed fungus is usually found on the upper open of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn chicken or dark-brown , curl up , and drip off . New leafage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop early .
Prevention and Control : imbed resistant varieties and space plants properly so they receive enough light and air circulation . Always water system from below , keeping water off the leafage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertiliser . employ fungicides according to label counsel before job becomes severe and watch counseling exactly , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the declension and destroy . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacteria . Brown or mordant spots and patch may be either ragged or circular , with a pee hook or yellow - edged appearance . louse , rain , dirty garden puppet , or even people can help its cattle farm .
Prevention and Control : Remove taint leaves when the plant is wry . Leaves that take in around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water system should be directed at soil grade . For fungous foliage spot , use a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insect , colligate to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a extensive variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . untried scales creeping until they incur a safe feeding site . The grownup female then lose their legs and remain on a berth protect by its gruelling shell bed . They seem as bumps , often on the lower incline of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that breastfeed the sap out of flora tissue . Scales can sabotage a plant pass to lily-livered foliage and leafage drop cloth . They also produce a angelical meat called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can pass to an unattractive blackened surface fungal growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to insure . Isolate infested flora away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension authority in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage innate enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is detect on the aerofoil of leave . It feeds on honeydew pass from aphids , mealy glitch , plate , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The good manner to control jet-black mould is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty moulding can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp fabric or washed away with a hosiery - death sprayer .
